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Interpreting References


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Reading lists, bibliographies and database search results follow certain citation styles. You may need to learn to interpret and use a variety of styles. Each basic type of reference has its own particular pattern. Although different citation styles may require the arrangement and punctuation of a reference to vary, the elements included are the same. For more detailed information check our Referencing Syles Guide.

Patterns to look for include:

Book Reference

Book Reference

Top

Chapter or Article in a Book

Chapter or Article in a Book

Top

Print Journal Article

Print Journal Article

Top

Fulltext Journal Article (from an electronic aggregated database or journal)

 

ProQuest Search Results

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Need more information on citing, check out our Referencing Style Guide

Referencing styles used in this guide are in accordance with the
reference formats recommended by the American Psychological Association.

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